•Why it earns a slot
The template for every ambitious goal announcement since, and the original is better than all its imitations.
We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard. A hard, public, dated goal organizes and measures a nation's energy. Commit, fund it, and move.
This distillation is written from the freely available original, which is always the better read when you have the time: jfklibrary.org.