•Why it earns a slot
Why it earns a slot: it puts the strongest argument against God ever written, Ivan's Grand Inquisitor and his catalogue of tortured children, inside a murder mystery where the wrong brother stands trial and the real killer walks free until he chooses not to.
Three brothers, a murdered father, and a wrongly convicted son turn a provincial patricide into an argument about whether God can be forgiven for a child's suffering.
This distillation is written from the freely available original, which is always the better read when you have the time: Project Gutenberg.