•Why it earns a slot
Why it earns a slot: it is the novel that made a single act of cowardice into the whole architecture of a man's second life, refusing the reader any verdict on whether he redeemed it.
A ship's officer abandons eight hundred pilgrims to a boat he believes is sinking, then spends the rest of his life trying to out-run the one second he failed himself.
This distillation is written from the freely available original, which is always the better read when you have the time: Project Gutenberg.